Amụrụ na Bra, nka ya dabara adaba mgbe ya na ndị ọrụ ibe ya hibere ndị enyi nke Barolo Association. Ndị otu ahụ mepụtara katalọgụ mmanya, gụnyere mpempe akwụkwọ data nwere akụkọ nke akara ọ bụla nke mechara bụrụ ntuziaka Vini d'Italia.

Mmanya na-abanye na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị

Na Italy, Petrini lere ngagharị nri ngwa ngwa America na-apụta n'egwu.

Ọ hụrụ mbelata ahụ na-eyi ọdịnala nri obodo egwu, ekele maka “ezi nri” na-apụkwa n'anya. Na mmegwara, ọ malitere mmegide na Italy (1986), na-akwali megide imeghe McDonald's dị nso na Spanish Steps na Rome.

N'otu afọ ahụ (1986), mmadụ 23 nwụrụ na-aṅụ mmanya merụọ mmanya methyl (nke a na-achọta na antifreeze). Nsi a kpalitere ụlọ ọrụ mmanya Ịtali ma manye nkwusioru nke mbupụ mmanya niile ruo mgbe enwere ike ịdepụta mmanya ahụ dị ka nchekwa. Ọnwụ ndị ahụ bụ kpọmkwem site n'iji methyl, ma ọ bụ osisi, mmanya rie mmanya ndị Italy iji mee ka mmanya mmanya na-aba n'anya dịruo nkezi nke pasent 12.

 Achọghị mmetọ ahụ na mmanya Italian dị mma a na-ebupụ na USA n'okpuru akara akara dị ka DOC (Denominazione de Origine Controllata), na-ezo aka n'iwu Italiantali na-achịkwa mmanya dị mma sitere na ubi-vine site na mmepụta na ire ere. Asịrị a metụtara nnukwu mmanya dị ọnụ ala a na-erere na mba Europe gbara agbata obi maka ịgwakọta mmanya ndị obodo ha. The ọnụ ala, unpedigreed mmanya rere dị ka vina di tavola maka mbupụ mpaghara na oriri mpaghara n'ọnụ ahịa ọnụ ahịa dị oke ọnụ nke na ọ bụ naanị mmanya ndị agbagoro agbarụ nwere ike ịba uru.

Agbanyeghị, ụdị jọgburu onwe ya nke mpụ ahụ metụtara ụlọ ọrụ mmanya Italy niile, ihe omume ahụ metọkwara ngwaahịa na ndị na-emepụta mmanya ọ bụla. 

N'ihi nsị ahụ, Denmark machibidoro mbubata mmanya Ịtali niile, na-agbaso nzọụkwụ West Germany na Belgium. Switzerland weghaara ihe karịrị galọn otu nde galọn nke mmanya a na-enyo enyo, France weghaara galọn nde 1, na-ekwupụta na ọ ga-ebibi ma ọ dịkarịa ala nde galọn 4.4 chọpụtara na e merụrụ. E zigara ndị na-azụ ahịa na Britain na Austria ịdọ aka ná ntị gọọmentị.

Onye ọ bụla, n'ebe nile, na-agbagha ntụkwasị obi nke mmanya Ịtali, na-eme ka mmata ọhụrụ banyere ụlọ ọrụ ahụ n'akụkụ niile.

Ịgafe ya

                Mgbe France na Jamanị chọpụtara ma weghara nnukwu mmanya e merụrụ emerụ, Ministri Ọrụ Ugbo Ịtali nyere iwu na a ga-eji ụlọ nyocha gọọmentị kwado mmanya niile Italiantali ma buru akwụkwọ ikike tupu ebupụ ya.

Ihe a chọrọ mekwara ka mbupụ mmanya Ịtali kwụsịrị, gọọmentị kwetakwara na n'ime ihe atụ 12,585, achọpụtara na 274 nwere mmanya methyl mmanya na-akwadoghị (NY Times, Eprel 9, 1986).

Na 1988, Arcigola Slow Food na Gambero Rosso bipụtara mbipụta mbụ nke ntuziaka Vini d'Italia. Edere akwụkwọ a na 1992 na mbipụta mbụ nke Guida al Vino Quotidiano (Nduzi maka Wine kwa ụbọchị), nke gụnyere nyocha nke mmanya Italian kacha mma site na echiche bara uru maka ego.

Ọ ghọrọ ihe enyemaka bara uru maka nhọrọ mmanya kwa ụbọchị.

Na mbido 21^st narị afọ (2004), e mepụtara Wine Bank iji kwalite ihe nketa mmanya Italiantali site na nkuzi ọzụzụ na ichebe mmanya a kara aka maka ịka nká. Afọ atọ ka e mesịrị (2007), Vignerons d'Europe, na Montpelier, Salon du Gout et des Saveurs d'Origine mere ememe 100 afọ kemgbe nnupụisi nke Languedoc winegrowers.

Mbipụta mbụ nke Vinerons d'Europe jikọtara ọtụtụ narị ndị na-emepụta mmanya Europe na arụmụka banyere ihe ịma aka nke ụwa na-emewanyewanye ụwa, na-ekwenye na nsogbu na-eto eto na-eche ụlọ ọrụ mmanya na-eche ihu n'echiche nke mmetụta akụ na ụba na ihu ọha nke mmanya Italian.

Mgbanwe Dị Mkpa. Mmanya dị nwayọọ

Ruo ugbu a, a na-enyocha mmanya na ọnụọgụ. Site na Robert Parker na nyocha ndị yiri ya, ndị na-azụ ahịa mụtara ịgụ ọnụ ọgụgụ ahụ, na ọnụ ọgụgụ dị elu nke Parker, otú ahụ ka a ga-azụrụ mmanya ahụ kpọmkwem.

Na mgbakwunye, omume ubi vine dị ugbu a gụnyere iji fatịlaịza (na-eme ihe n'ụzọ na-ezighị ezi), ọgwụ pesticides, na fungicides iji luso pests, ọrịa, na mildew nke metụtara mmepụta mmanya.

Otú ọ dị, ọgwụ herbicides sịntetik na-emebi gburugburu ebe obibi ma na-eweda ala na ala, na-eme ka ọ ghara ịdị irè, na-eme ka mmiri na-asọpụta, mmetọ, nkwụsị nke mmepụta ala, na ihe ize ndụ ndị ọzọ gburugburu ebe obibi. 

Banye na ngagharị mmanya Slow Slow site na mgbọrọgwụ, ndị ozi mmanya zuru ụwa ọnụ bụ ndị na-ebute ụzọ ichekwa akụ sitere n'okike site na nlekọta ala. N'afọ 2011, e bipụtara akwụkwọ ntuziaka Slow Wine, na-atụgharị uche site na ọnụ ọgụgụ nke mmanya na gburugburu ebe obibi macro nke gụnyere nkọwa eziokwu nke wineries, ndị na-emepụta ihe, na ebe mmepụta ihe.

A toro ntuziaka ahụ maka ịbụ karịa ndepụta ndị egwuregwu ama ama; ọ kpaliri uche ndị na-azụ ahịa site na ọnụọgụ/ọnụ ọgụgụ gaa na-akọwa ụdị mmanya na usoro agronomic eji. 

N'afọ 2012 ewebata njem nlegharị anya Slow Wine yana gụnyere nleta na wineries na New York, Chicago, na San Francisco. N'ime afọ ndị na-esonụ, wineries na Germany, Denmark, Japan, Canada, na Slovenia (2017). Na 2018 California letara, na 50 wineries ka enyochara.

Na 2019 Oregon gụnyere, Washington State sochiri ya. N'oge na-adịbeghị anya, ngagharị mmanya Slow Wine na-enyocha wineries na China, gụnyere Ningxia, Xinyang, Shandong, Hebei, Gansu, Yunnan, Shanxi, Sichuan, Shaanxi, na Tibet.

Alliance

E hiwere Slow Wine Coalition na 2021. Ọ bụ netwọk mba ụwa na-ejikọta akụkụ niile nke ụlọ ọrụ mmanya. Njikọ mmanya ọhụrụ a malitere mgbanwe dabere na nkwado gburugburu ebe obibi, nchekwa nke odida obodo, na mmepe mmekọrịta ọha na eze nke ime obodo. Nzukọ ahụ mepụtara Manifesto na-elekwasị anya na mmanya dị mma, dị ọcha na nke dị mma.

Mkpa nke ngagharị mmanya na-egbu oge: Map okporo ụzọ

Ọ bụ ihe ịma aka ịbanye n'ụlọ ahịa mmanya, na-aga ije n'ụzọ mmanya na nnukwu ụlọ ahịa ma ọ bụ lelee ebe nrụọrụ weebụ na-ere mmanya n'ịntanetị. Enwere ọtụtụ narị mmanya (ikekwe puku kwuru puku) sitere n'akụkụ ụwa niile yana ọnụ ahịa ọnụahịa, nyocha na echiche dị ukwuu. Kedu ka onye ahịa ga-esi mara ka ọ ga-esi mee mkpebi amamihe dị na ya? Ndị ahịa nwere mmasị na agba (acha uhie uhie, ọcha, ma ọ bụ rose), fizz ma ọ bụ ewepụghị, uto, ọnụahịa, obodo, nkwado, na/ma ọ bụ ọtụtụ ajụjụ ndị ọzọ na-emetụta ịzụrụ na ahụmihe ụtọ. Ntuziaka Wine Slow na-enye onye na-azụ mmanya ụzọ ụzọ, n'ụzọ doro anya na nkenke na-egosi omume ọrụ ugbo, na ịkwado maka wineries na-agbaso echiche (n'efu pesticide). 

Wine nwayọọ na-adabere na ngagharị nri Slow; ọ bụ ọnọdụ nke uche ma na-enye usoro maka ọrụ ugbo dịka ọrụ zuru oke. Ndị otu ahụ nwere ikike ịjụ ajụjụ gbasara usoro ọrụ ugbo mgbe ụlọ ọrụ na-arụ ọrụ ma tụleghachi ihe anyị na-eri (nri na mmanya) n'ihe gbasara nkwado na ihe ize ndụ ndị metụtara pesticides.

Otu a na-etinye aka n'ịkụziri ndị na-azụ ahịa ihe ize ndụ ndị metụtara nri ngwa ngwa yana ịgbachitere ọgwụ mgbochi na ịgbasa ụlọ akụ mkpụrụ iji chekwaa ụdị ihe nketa. Echiche a agbasala na ụlọ ọrụ ndị ọzọ gụnyere ejiji nwayọ nke na-egosipụta ma na-akwado ụgwọ ọrụ ziri ezi na gburugburu ebe obibi, yana njem nwayọ nke na-anwa ịlụso njem nlegharị anya ọgụ. Na USA, Slow Wine Guide bụ naanị akwụkwọ mmanya nke mba ahụ na-ebute ọrụ nlekọta ala ụzọ, na ebumnuche nke inye ndị na-azụ ahịa nghọta.

Ịsacha akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ

                Ihe ịma aka maka ngagharị mmanya Slow bụ GREENSASHING. Omume a na-ezo aka na azụmaahịa na-eduhie ndị na-azụ ahịa iche na omume ha, ngwaahịa ha, ma ọ bụ ọrụ ha na-ebelata mmetụta gburugburu ebe obibi ha karịa ka ha na-eme n'ezie, na-eme ka ndị na-azụ ahịa nwee mgbagwoju anya na nkụda mmụọ. Nke a na-etinye ọrụ ahụ n'ubu nke ndị na-azụ ahịa, na-achọ ka ha mee nyocha buru ibu iji chọpụta mmetụta gburugburu ebe obibi n'ezie. Ọtụtụ mgbe, ozi a na-enyocha adịghị. 

Njegharị Wine World nwayọ nwayọ 2023. Chọpụta Oltrepo Pavese. New York

N’oge na-adịbeghị anya, agara m ihe omume Slow Wine na Manhattan nke gosipụtara mpaghara mmanya Italian nke Oltrepo Pavese (Northern Italy, ọdịda anyanwụ Milan). Nke a bụ mpaghara mmanya ọdịnala ọdịnala ebe mmepụta mmanya malitere n'oge Rome. Mpaghara ahụ na-achịkwa ala dị larịị n'etiti Alps na Apennines nke Northern Italy. N'ebe ugwu nke Osimiri Po bụ obodo akụkọ ihe mere eme nke Pavia. Mpaghara mmanya Oltrepo na-achị ugwu na ugwu - ebe dị mma maka ịkụ mkpụrụ vaịn. Ọ na-ekpuchi square kilomita 3600 ma gụnye ime obodo iri na isii.

N'oge Alaeze Ukwu Rom, e nwere mgbalị imepụta mmanya ndị na-asọrịta mpi na mmanya Gris. N'oge ahụ, mmanya ndị Gris bụ ndị a maara nke ọma na nke kasị achọ mmanya n'ime mmanya niile dịnụ. Aha mbụ banyere viticulture na mpaghara ahụ sitere na Codex Etruscus (850 AD). Ịzụlite na mmepụta nke mmanya ghọrọ ewu ewu na 15^th narị afọ wee bụrụ nke a ghọtara dị ka akụkụ nke mmepụta ugbo. 

Oltrepo na-emepụta ihe dị ka ọkara nke mmanya sitere na mpaghara Lombardy, nke dị nso na mmepụta nke Asti na Chianti. Enwere ihe dị ka acres 9880 nke osisi vaịn Pinot Noir na-eme ka ọ bụrụ isi obodo Pinot Noir. A na-ewere mkpụrụ vaịn ndị ahụ n'oge mmalite nke ntozu anụ ahụ na-egosi ezigbo nguzozi nke acidity na shuga.

Ihe mejupụtara ala ahụ bụ okwute oge ochie (Terra Rossa), ma na-enye mpaghara ahụ ọgaranya humas na ụrọ maka osisi vine na-eto. Ala ahụ nwekwara nnukwu ígwè. Ihu igwe dị ka osimiri Mediterenian dị nso na Alps nke nwere oge okpomọkụ. obere oge oyi, na obere mmiri ozuzo. 

Mmanya Emepụtara

Mmanya na-acha uhie uhie na-eduga bụ Cabernet Sauvignon na Pinot Nero, nke a na-ejikarị eme ihe na obere mkpọda ịka nká iji gbakwunye ekpomeekpo ọzọ. Nhọrọ mmanya ọcha gụnyere Chardonnay, Sauvignon Blanc, Riesling Italico, Riesling, na Pinto Nero. A na-agbaji spumante site na iji usoro ọdịnala nke ime mmanya aseptic ma nwee ike ịnwe ihe ruru pasent 30 Pinot Nero, Pinot Bianco, Pinot Grigio, na Chardonnay. Sparkling Oltrepo Pavese Metodo Classico enweela nhazi DOCG kemgbe 2007.

N'uche nke m

                Na-eme usoro iji chọpụta Wines Slow mpaghara:

1. La Versa. Oltrepo Pavese Metodo Classico Brut Testarossa 2016. 100 percent Pinot Nero. Ọ gbara opekata mpe ọnwa 36 n'ụlọ.

Cesare Gustavo Faravelli malitere La Versa na 1905 iji mepụta mmanya dị mma nke gosipụtara ókèala obodo. Taa, a ma ama na mba ụwa niile ma nweta ya na onyinye Decanter Wine Award, Slow Wine, Gambero Rosso, na Mmanya kacha mma na Oltreo Pavese (2019).

Notes:

N'anya anya, agba ọla edo na-egosi obere afụ dị nro. Imi na-enwe obi ụtọ na aro nke apụl na-acha uhie uhie na akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ, ihe ngosi nke lemon, biscuits, na hazelnuts. A na-eme ka palates nwee ume site na acidity dị ọkụ, ọkara ahụ, mousse creamy, na udidi na-eduga na apụl, na mkpụrụ osisi grepu na njedebe. 

2. Francesco Quaquarini. Sangue di Giuda del'Oltrepo Pavese 2021. Mpaghara: Lombardy; Mpaghara: Pavia; Ụdị dị iche iche: pasent 65 Croatina, pasent 25 Barbera, pasent 10 Ughetta di Canneto. Organic. Asambodo sitere na Organic Farming BIOS. Ụtọ ntakiri na-egbuke egbuke

Ezinụlọ Quaquarini emepụtala mmanya ruo ọgbọ atọ. Ugbu a, Francesco na-eduzi winery na nwa ya nwoke, Umberto na nwa ya nwanyị Maria Teresa. Ụlọ mmanya ahụ bụ onye otu Association Producers of Cassese na onye na-akwụ ụgwọ nke Club of Buttafuoco Storico. Ndị otu gụnyekwara District of Quality Wine na Oltrepo Pavese na Consortium maka Nchekwa Oltrepo Pavese Wine. 

Ụlọ mmanya na-emepụta mmemme nyocha iji melite ma kwalite usoro mmepụta ihe. Ndị winery na-anabata usoro ịhịa aka n'ahụ (ọnụnọ nke ala ahịhịa juru n'ubi vaịn) na ịkụ osisi vine. Usoro a na-emepụta mfri eke nke mkpụrụ vaịn. 

A na-ahụta winery maka iji naanị fatịlaịza organic nke anụmanụ na / ma ọ bụ ihe oriri, na-akwado ụdị dị iche iche, na-ezere usoro njikọ kemịkalụ, ịjụ GMOs, na-akwado nyocha sayensị site na iji teknụzụ na-ekwe nkwa ụkpụrụ dị elu. 

Notes:

N'anya, rubi uhie; imi ahụ na-esi ísì ụtọ na aro nke ifuru na mkpụrụ osisi na-acha uhie uhie. Palate na-achọpụta ụtọ swiiti na-atụ aro ka a na-atọ ya ụtọ dị ka mmanya eji megharịa ọnụ yana Panettone, Pandoro, tart ma ọ bụ bisikiiti mkpirisi, na mkpụrụ osisi a mịrị amị.