Nchọpụta Jupiter ọhụrụ sitere na NASA Juno Probe

Ndị nchọpụta bipụtara ọtụtụ akwụkwọ na nchọpụta ikuku nke Juno taa na akwụkwọ akụkọ Science and the Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets. Akwụkwọ ndị agbakwunyere pụtara na mbipụta abụọ nke Geophysical Research Letters nso nso a.

Lori Glaze, onye isi ngalaba sayensị mbara ala NASA n'isi ụlọ ọrụ ụlọ ọrụ dị na Washington kwuru, "Nleba anya ọhụrụ ndị a sitere na Juno na-emepe igbe ozi ọhụrụ gbasara njirimara Jupiter a na-ahụ anya." "Akụkọ ọ bụla na-enye ìhè n'akụkụ dị iche iche nke usoro ikuku nke ụwa - ihe atụ magburu onwe ya nke otu ndị otu sayensị dị iche iche nke mba ụwa si ewusi nghọta nke usoro mbara igwe anyị."

Juno banyere orbit Jupiter na 2016. N'oge nke ọ bụla n'ime oghere 37 nke ụgbọ elu ahụ gafere na mbara ala ruo taa, otu ngwá ọrụ pụrụ iche elewo anya n'okpuru elu igwe ojii ya nwere ọgba aghara.

"N'oge gara aga, Juno tụrụ anyị n'anya site n'igosipụta na ihe ndị dị na mbara igwe Jupiter dị omimi karịa ka a tụrụ anya," ka Scott Bolton, onye nchọpụta bụ isi nke Juno sitere na Ụlọ Ọrụ Nnyocha Southwest na San Antonio na onye ndu ode akwụkwọ Journal Science akwụkwọ na omimi nke vortices Jupiter kwuru. "Ugbu a, anyị na-amalite ịchịkọta iberibe ndị a niile ma nweta nghọta mbụ anyị banyere ka ikuku Jupiter mara mma na ime ihe ike si arụ ọrụ - na 3D."

Juno's microwave radiometer (MWR) na-enye ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị ozi ohere ileba anya n'okpuru igwe ojii Jupiter wee nyochaa nhazi nke ọtụtụ oke ifufe vortex ya. Ihe kacha ewu ewu n'ime oké ifufe ndị a bụ ihe nkiri anticyclone nke a maara dị ka Great Red Spot. N'obosara karịa Ụwa, vortex a crimson akpali ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị kemgbe ọ chọpụtara ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ narị afọ abụọ gara aga.

Nsonaazụ ọhụrụ ahụ na-egosi na cyclones na-ekpo ọkụ n'elu, na njupụta nke ikuku dị ala, ebe ha na-ajụ oyi na ala, na njupụta dị elu. Anticyclones, nke na-atụgharị n'akụkụ nke ọzọ, na-ajụ oyi n'elu mana ọ na-ekpo ọkụ na ala.

Nchọpụta a gosikwara na oke mmiri ozuzo ndị a dị ogologo karịa ka a tụrụ anya ya, yana ụfọdụ gbatịrị kilomita 60 (100 kilomita) n'okpuru igwe ojii yana ndị ọzọ, gụnyere Great Red Spot, gbatịrị ihe karịrị 200 kilomita (350 kilomita). Nchọpụta a tụrụ anya na-egosi na vortices na-ekpuchi mpaghara gafere ebe mmiri na-agbakọ na igwe ojii na-etolite, n'okpuru omimi ebe ìhè anyanwụ na-ekpo ọkụ. 

Ogo na nha nke Great Red Spot pụtara nchikota nke oke ikuku n'ime oke ifufe nke enwere ike ịchọta ya site na ngwa na-amụ ubi Jupita ike ndọda. Ụgbọ elu Juno abụọ dị nso n'elu ebe Jupiter kacha ama ama nyere ohere ịchọ mbinye aka ike ndọda nke oké ifufe ahụ wee kwado nsonaazụ MWR na omimi ya. 

Ka Juno na-eme njem dị ala n'elu igwe ojii Jupiter n'ihe dị ka 130,000 mph (209,000 kph) ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị Juno nwere ike tụọ mgbanwe ọsọ ọsọ dị ka obere 0.01 millimeter kwa nkeji site na iji NASA's Deep Space Network tracking antenna, site n'ebe dị anya karịa 400 nde kilomita (650). nde kilomita). Nke a mere ka ndị otu ahụ nwee ike igbochi omimi nke Great Red Spot ruo ihe dịka kilomita 300 (kilomita 500) n'okpuru igwe ojii.

Marzia Parisi, onye ọkà mmụta sayensị Juno sitere na NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory na Southern California kwuru na "nkenke achọrọ iji nweta ike ndọda Great Red Spot n'oge ụgbọ elu July 2019 bụ ihe ịtụnanya." Nnukwu ntụpọ uhie. "Inwe ike imeju nchọpụta MWR na omimi na-enye anyị obi ike dị ukwuu na nnwale ike ndọda n'ọdịnihu na Jupiter ga-arụpụtakwa nsonaazụ na-adọrọ mmasị." 

Belts na Mpaghara

Na mgbakwunye na cyclones na anticyclones, Jupiter maara maka eriri na mpaghara ya pụrụ iche - igwe ojii na-acha ọcha na ọbara ọbara na-agba gburugburu ụwa. Ifufe dị ike nke ọwụwa anyanwụ-ọdịda anyanwụ nke na-aga n'akụkụ dị iche iche na-ekewa ndị agha. Juno chọpụtara na mbụ na ifufe ndị a, ma ọ bụ iyi jet, na-eru omimi ihe dị ka kilomita 2,000 (ihe dị ka kilomita 3,200). Ndị na-eme nchọpụta ka na-agbalị idozi ihe omimi nke ka mmiri jet si etolite. Data nke Juno's MWR anakọtara n'oge ọtụtụ ngafe na-ekpughe otu ihe ga-ekwe omume: na gas amonia ikuku na-aga elu na ala n'ụzọ dị ịrịba ama na mmiri jet a hụrụ.

Keren Duer, nwa akwụkwọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Weizmann Institute kwuru, "Site n'ịgbaso amonia, anyị chọtara mkpụrụ ndụ na-ekesa na mpaghara ugwu na ndịda hemispheres ndị yiri 'Ferrel cell' nke na-achịkwa ọtụtụ ihu igwe anyị ebe a n'ụwa." nke Sayensị na Israel na onye ndu ode akwụkwọ nke akwụkwọ akụkọ Science Science na mkpụrụ ndụ Ferrel dị na Jupiter. "Ọ bụ ezie na ụwa nwere otu mkpụrụ ndụ Ferrel n'otu akụkụ, Jupiter nwere asatọ - nke ọ bụla ma ọ dịkarịa ala okpukpu 30."

Ihe omuma MWR nke Juno gosikwara na eriri na mpaghara na-enwe mgbanwe gburugburu kilomita 40 (kilomita 65) n'okpuru igwe ojii mmiri Jupiter. N'ime omimi nke na-emighị emi, eriri Jupiter na-egbuke egbuke na ọkụ microwave karịa mpaghara ndị agbata obi. Ma na ọkwa dị omimi, n'okpuru ígwé ojii mmiri, ihe dị iche bụ eziokwu - nke na-ekpughe ihe yiri nke oké osimiri anyị.

Leigh Fletcher, onye ọkà mmụta sayensị Juno na-esonye na Mahadum kwuru, "Anyị na-akpọ ọkwa a 'Jovicline' n'ihe atụ nke oyi akwa a na-ahụ n'oké osimiri ụwa, nke a maara dị ka thermocline - ebe mmiri mmiri na-agbanwe nke ọma site n'ịdị na-ekpo ọkụ na oyi. nke Leicester na United Kingdom na onye ndu ode akwụkwọ nke akwụkwọ akụkọ na Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets na-akọwapụta ihe nleba anya microwave Juno nke eriri na mpaghara ọnọdụ Jupiter.

Cyclones polar

Juno achọpụtabu ụzọ nhazi polygonal nke nnukwu ifufe cyclonic n'osisi Jupita abụọ - asatọ a haziri n'ụdị octagonal n'ebe ugwu yana ise ahaziri n'ụdị pentagonal na ndịda. Ugbu a, afọ ise ka nke ahụ gasịrị, ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị ozi na-eji nyocha nke ụgbọ elu Jovian Infrared Auroral Mapper (JIRAM) ekpebiwo na ihe ndị a na-eme n'ikuku na-adịgide adịgide, na-anọgide n'otu ebe.

Alessandro Mura, onye na-eme nchọpụta Juno na National Institute for Astrophysics dị na Rome kwuru, sị: "Oké ifufe Jupiter na-emetụta mmegharị nke ibe ha, na-eme ka ha na-atụgharị banyere ọnọdụ nha anya." na Jupiter polar cyclones. "Omume nke oscillations ndị a dị nwayọọ na-egosi na ha nwere mgbọrọgwụ miri emi."

Data JIRAM na-egosikwa na, dị ka ajọ ifufe dị n'ụwa, ifufe ndị a na-achọ ịkwaga poleward, ma cyclones dị n'etiti etiti osisi ọ bụla na-akwaghachi ha azụ. Ntụle a na-akọwa ebe cyclones bi na ọnụọgụ dị iche iche na okporo osisi ọ bụla.