Ndị njem ụgbọ elu kpuru ìsì Federal Air Marshal na-atụ ụjọ: Delta Air Lines ọ ga-akwụ ụgwọ?

N'ime edemede iwu njem nke izu a, anyị na-enyocha ikpe Gardner v. United States of America, Delta Air Lines, Ikpe Nke 1: 14-cv-00125-JNP-DBP (D. Utah June 8, 2018) nke dị n'Ụlọikpe. kwuru na "Ronald Gardner gbara Delta ụgbọ elu na United States of America ikpe dabere na mmekọrịta ya na onye na-ahụ maka ikuku…Gardner (bụ) kpuru ìsì n'ụzọ iwu kwadoro (na) adịghị anụ ihe ma na-eyi ihe enyemaka ntị (na) dị afọ 59.

Na Jenụwarị 20, 2011, Gardner nọ ọdụ na ngalaba klas mbụ nke ụgbọ elu Delta si Washington, DC gaa Salt Lake City. Ndị ụgbọ elu gọọmentị etiti kpuchiri ekpuchi (FAM1 na FAM2) nọkwa n'ụgbọ elu ahụ. FAM1 nọ ọdụ ozugbo n'azụ Gardner (na) dị 6 ụkwụ na sentimita abụọ n'ogologo, tụọ 2 pound, ma bụrụ onye na-ebu ibu na-arụ ọrụ. Mgbe ọ gachara, Gardner malitere iji nwayọọ nọdụ ala n'oche ya. Ọ nwere mmetụta nke ihe ike kụrụ n'azụ oche ya… Mgbe nkeji ise ruo iri gachara, Gardner malitere nọdụ ala n'oche ya nke ugboro abụọ. Akụba oche ya n'azụ ọbụna n'ike karịa, na-eme ka…Gardner na-aga n'ihu n'oche ya...Nkeji ole na ole ka e mesịrị, Gardner gbalịrị ịtọrọ oche ya nke ugboro atọ, mana FAM235 kwapụrụ oche ahụ n'ihu ...

Gardner gara n'ụgbọelu (ma mee mkpesa na) onye ọrụ ụgbọ elu ahụ chọpụtara na Gardner 'na-ama jijiji', ọsụsọ na-eku ume na-eku ume… eziokwu ahụ bụ na ọ na-eji ngwá agha, onye ọrụ ụgbọ elu ahụ nwere nchegbu ozugbo maka ọdịmma Gardner na ndị njem ndị ọzọ niile na ụgbọ elu ahụ. (Gardner laghachiri n'oche ya FAM1 sochiri ya bụ onye) jidere oche Gardner wee 'jostl[ed] heck out na ya'… Onye isi ụgbọ elu bịara n'oche Gardner, hulata ala wee sị 'Ọ dị mma. Ọ nọ n'ime ikpo okwu. Ọ bụ Federal Air Marshal'…

Mgbe o rutere, Gardner biliri mana FAM1 gbochiri ya wee sị, “Biko, a ga m eburu akpa m'. FAM1 emegharịghị ma ọ bụ kwuo ihe ọ bụla na nzaghachi. Gardner kwughachiri arịrịọ ya ka ọ nweta FAM1 ọtụtụ ugboro, ihe dị ka nkeji atọ FAM1 kwụsịrị ịgbachi nkịtị… Mkpebi nchịkọta e nyere Delta yana ikpe nchịkọta akụkụ nke enyere US. "

N'okwu Gardner, Ụlọikpe ahụ kwuru na "Gardner gbara akwụkwọ ma Delta na United States n'ihi ihe a merenụ (na-ebo ebubo) na nzute ya na FAM1 mere ka ọ na-enwe nsogbu nrụgide post-traumatic; nchegbu; ịda mbà n'obi; nke oge, nchegbu metụtara mfu nke nta nke fọdụrụ ọhụụ o nwere; egwu egwu; egwu nke ebe ọha; ehighi ura; na nro na-achighari.

Gardner ji aka ya wepụrụ abụọ n'ime ihe kpatara omume o kwuputara na mbụ, na-ahapụ ebubo megide Delta maka (1) nleghara anya, (2) mmekpa ahụ nke enweghị uche, (3) imebi ọrụ nke onye na-ebukarị onye njem nwere nkwarụ, (4) imebi ọrụ n'ebe onye ọbịa azụmahịa nọ na (5) ihe kpatara omume nke Garner kpọrọ aha dị ka nzaghachi na-aza ajụjụ dị elu…Gardner kwupụtakwara ebubo megide United States maka (1) nleghara anya, (2) ịkpachapụ anya nke mkpagbu mmetụta uche, (3) mkpagbu mmetụta uche na-eleghara anya, (4) mkpọrọ ụgha, (5) mwakpo na (6) ihe kpatara omume nke Gardner kpọrọ ya dị ka onye na-aza ajụjụ dị elu. "

Aburula ebubo Delta

"Federal Aviation Act nke 1958 (FAA) nyere ikike nchịkwa gọọmentị etiti nke ụlọ ọrụ ụgbọ elu… Na 1978 Congress megharịrị FAA na Iwu Airline Deregulation Act (ADA)…'Iji hụ na steeti agaghị ewepụ iwu gọọmentị etiti nke onwe ha, ADA gụnyere a preemption ndokwa…Mkpesa Gardner megide Delta dabere na atọ dị iche iche chepụtara. Nke mbụ, Gardner na-arụ ụka na onye isi ụgbọ elu ahụ ji nlezianya gwa ya na FAM1 bụ ikuku ụgbọ elu, nke kpatara ya nchekasị na nchekasị. Nke abụọ, ọ na-ekwusi ike na onye isi ụgbọ elu emeghị ngwa ngwa kpọpụ ya n'ụgbọelu mgbe ọ kpalitere ya ichere n'oche ya ma ghara itinye aka mgbe FAM1 gbochiri ụzọ ahụ. Nke atọ, ọ na-ekwu na ndị ọrụ Delta egbochighị FAM1 iso ya n'ọdụ ụgbọ elu.

Ejikọtara Ọrụ Delta

Delta na-arụ ụka na echiche ndị a niile gbasara ibu ọrụ metụtara ọrụ Delta. Sekit nke iri akọwawo okwu ahụ 'ọrụ nke ụgbọelu' n'ụzọ sara mbara: 'Ihe ndị dị na ọrụ ụgbọelu… gụnyere ihe ndị dị ka tiketi, usoro ịbanye, inye nri na ihe ọṅụṅụ, na njikwa akpa, na mgbakwunye na njem n'onwe ya'… N'okpuru nkọwa nke 'ọrụ' a, ebubo Gardner megide Delta nwere 'njikọ ma ọ bụ na-ezo aka' Delta ọrụ… Ụlọ ikpe ndị ọzọ nyochara ụdị nkwupụta ahụ ekpebiela na a kpọpụtara ha… A na-ebu ụzọ kpachara anya na nkwupụta nsogbu na nkwupụta ya dabere na nleghara anya. "

Mkpesa megide United States

"Ihe akaebe, nke e were n'ìhè kachasị mma maka nkwupụta Gardner, na-egosi na mgbe Gardner nwara nọdụ ala n'oche ya ugboro atọ dị iche iche, FAM1 ji ike mee ka ọ gaa n'ihu. Ka oge na-aga, FAM1 makwara oche Gardner ka ọ nọdụrụ ala ka ọ maa jijiji n'anụ ahụ. FAM1 kwetara na ọ chọpụtara na Gardner kpuru ìsì tupu ụgbọ elu ahụ erute. N'inye ya na onye isi ụgbọ elu na onye njem nọ ọdụ n'akụkụ Gardner ghọtara na ihe FAM1 mere na-ama ya jijiji nke ukwuu, onye na-achọpụta eziokwu nwere ike ikwubi na FAM1 makwaara na ọ tụrụ Gardner egwu ruo n'ókè na ọ na-ama jijiji, na-agba ọsọ ma na-ama jijiji. iku ume. N'agbanyeghị ihe ọmụma a, anyị na Gardner (na) [w] hen Gardner gbalịrị ịpụ n'ụgbọelu ahụ, FAM1 kpachaara anya gbochie ya site n'iguzoro n'okporo ụzọ maka nkeji atọ. N'oge a FAM1 leghaara arịrịọ ike nke Gardner ka ọ kwaga ka Gardner wee nweta ya. FAM1 wee chụpụ Gardner site n'ọdụ ụgbọ elu ka o wee yie ya egwu ọzọ.

mmechi

N'ịchịkọta eziokwu ndị a ọnụ, onye na-achọpụta eziokwu nwere ezi uche nwere ike ikwubi na FAM1 kwesịrị ịghọta na omume ya gụnyere ihe egwu na-enweghị isi nke ime ka Gardner nwee obi mgbawa. Na mgbakwunye, onye na-achọpụta eziokwu nwere ike ikwubi na FAM1 kwesịrị ịghọta na nhụjuanya ahụ nwere ike ibute ọrịa ma ọ bụ mmerụ ahụ. Ya mere, Ụlọikpe ahụ jụrụ arịrịọ United States maka nchikota ikpe maka mkpachapụ anya nke Gardner kpatara mkpesa mmetụta uche dabere na omume FAM1".

Patricia na Tom Dickerson

Onye edemede, Thomas A. Dickerson, nwụrụ na July 26, 2018 mgbe ọ dị afọ 74. Site na amara nke ezinụlọ ya. eTurboNews a na-ahapụ ka ọ kesaa isiokwu ya ndị anyị nwere na faịlụ nke o zigara anyị maka mbipụta n'ọdịnihu.

The Hon. Dickerson lara ezumike nká dị ka onye na-ahụ maka ikpe ziri ezi nke Ngalaba Mkpegharị, Ngalaba Abụọ nke Ụlọikpe Kasị Elu nke New York State wee dee banyere iwu njem maka afọ 42 gụnyere akwụkwọ iwu ya na-emelite kwa afọ, Travel Law, Law Journal Press (2018), Ịgba akwụkwọ International Torts na Ụlọikpe US, Thomson Reuters WestLaw (2018), Omume Klas: Iwu nke 50 States, Law Journal Press (2018), na ihe karịrị akwụkwọ iwu 500 ọtụtụ n'ime ha dị na nycourts.gov/courts/9jd/taxcertatd.shtml. Maka ozi ndị ọzọ gbasara iwu njem, ọkachasị na mba ndị otu EU, hụ IFTTA.org.

Gụọ ọtụtụ akụkọ Justice Dickerson ebe a.

Enwere ike ọ gaghị edegharị akụkọ a na-enweghị ikike.